牛客网刷sql笔记

金州拉文
2020-12-01
sql
881
0

limit子句用于限制查询结果返回的数量

select * from tableName limit i,n

  • tableName：表名
  • i：为查询结果的索引值(默认从0开始)，当i=0时可省略i
  • n：为查询结果返回的数量
  • i与n之间使用英文逗号","隔开
CREATE TABLE `employees` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`birth_date` date NOT NULL,
`first_name` varchar(14) NOT NULL,
`last_name` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`gender` char(1) NOT NULL,
`hire_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`));

1:查找最晚入职员工的所有信息，为了减轻入门难度，目前所有的数据里员工入职的日期都不是同一天

SELECT * FROM employees e order by e.hire_date desc limit 1

2:查找入职员工时间排名倒数第三的员工所有信息，为了减轻入门难度，目前所有的数据里员工入职的日期都不是同一天

select * from employees e order by e.hire_date desc limit 2,1

--含义是跳过2条取出1条数据，limit后面是从第2条开始读，读取1条信息，即读取第3条数据

3:如题目所示查找各个部门当前(dept_manager.to_date='9999-01-01')领导当前(salaries.to_date='9999-01-01')薪水详情以及其对应部门编号dept_no

(注:请以salaries表为主表进行查询，输出结果以salaries.emp_no升序排序，并且请注意输出结果里面dept_no列是最后一列)

CREATE TABLE `salaries` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL, -- '员工编号',
`salary` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`from_date`));
CREATE TABLE `dept_manager` (
`dept_no` char(4) NOT NULL, -- '部门编号'
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL, --  '员工编号'
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`dept_no`));

select s.*,d.dept_no from   salaries s   join dept_manager d on s.emp_no=d.emp_no where d.to_date='9999-01-01'
and s.to_date='9999-01-01' 
--这里的坑主要在于两个表的逻辑关系，题目要求是薪水情况以及部门编号，再结合输出情况dept_no 被放到了最后一列，可见是主表是“salaries”。这里顺序错了就会提示：您的代码无法通过所有用例。。。

4.查找所有已经分配部门的员工的last_name和first_name以及dept_no(请注意输出描述里各个列的前后顺序)

CREATE TABLE `dept_emp` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`dept_no` char(4) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`dept_no`));
CREATE TABLE `employees` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`birth_date` date NOT NULL,
`first_name` varchar(14) NOT NULL,
`last_name` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`gender` char(1) NOT NULL,
`hire_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`));

select e.last_name,e.first_name,d.dept_no from dept_emp d left join employees e on d.emp_no=e.emp_no

5: 查找所有员工的last_name和first_name以及对应部门编号dept_no，也包括暂时没有分配具体部门的员工(请注意输出描述里各个列的前后顺序)

select e.last_name,e.first_name,d.dept_no from employees e  left join  dept_emp d on d.emp_no=e.emp_no

6:题目描述查找所有员工入职时候的薪水情况，给出emp_no以及salary， 并按照emp_no进行逆序(请注意，一个员工可能有多次涨薪的情况)

CREATE TABLE `employees` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`birth_date` date NOT NULL,
`first_name` varchar(14) NOT NULL,
`last_name` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`gender` char(1) NOT NULL,
`hire_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`));
CREATE TABLE `salaries` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`salary` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`from_date`));

此题应注意以下四个知识点：

1、由于测试数据中，salaries.emp_no 不唯一（因为号码为 emp_no 的员***有多次涨薪的可能，所以在 salaries 中对应的记录不止一条），employees.emp_no 唯一，即 salaries 的数据会多于 employees，因此需先找到 employees.emp_no 在 salaries 表中对应的记录salaries.emp_no，则有限制条件 e.emp_no = s.emp_no

2、根据题意注意到 salaries.from_date 和 employees.hire_date 的值应该要相等，因此有限制条件 e.hire_date = s.from_date

3、根据题意要按照 emp_no 值逆序排列，因此最后要加上 ORDER BY e.emp_no DESC

4、为了代码良好的可读性，运用了 Alias 别名语句，将 employees 简化为 e，salaries 简化为s，即 employees AS e 与 salaries AS s，其中 AS 可以省略

方法一：利用 INNER JOIN 连接两张表

SELECT e.emp_no, s.salary FROM employees AS e INNER JOIN salaries AS s``ON e.emp_no = s.emp_no AND e.hire_date = s.from_date``ORDER BY e.emp_no DESC

方法二：直接用逗号并列查询两张表

SELECT e.emp_no, s.salary FROM employees AS e, salaries AS s``WHERE e.emp_no = s.emp_no AND e.hire_date = s.from_date``ORDER BY e.emp_no DESC

7、查找薪水变动超过15次的员工号emp_no以及其对应的变动次数t

CREATE TABLE `salaries` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`salary` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`from_date`));

此题应注意以下四点：

5.1、用COUNT()函数和GROUP BY语句可以统计同一emp_no值的记录条数

5.2、根据题意，输出的涨幅次数为t，故用AS语句将COUNT(emp_no)的值转换为t

5.3、由于COUNT()函数不可用于WHERE语句中，故使用HAVING语句来限定t>15的条件

5.4、最后存在一个理解误区，涨幅超过15次，salaries中相应的记录数应该超过16（从第2条记录开始算作第1次涨幅），不过题目为了简单起见，将第1条记录当作第1次涨幅，所以令t>15即可

/* 注意：* *严格来说，下一条salary高于本条才算涨幅，但本题只要出现了一条记录就算一次涨幅，salary相同可以理解为涨幅为0，salary变少理解为涨幅为负

输出实例

emp_not
1000117
1000416
1000918

select emp_no,count(salary) t from salaries group by emp_no having t>15

8.找出所有员工当前(to_date='9999-01-01')具体的薪水salary情况，对于相同的薪水只显示一次,并按照逆序显示

CREATE TABLE `salaries` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`salary` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`from_date`));

select distinct salary from salaries where to_date='9999-01-01' order by salary desc

考点：去重复 distinct 逆序显示order by salary desc

9： 题目描述获取所有部门当前(dept_manager.to_date='9999-01-01')manager的当前(salaries.to_date='9999-01-01')薪水情况，给出dept_no, emp_no以及salary(请注意，同一个人可能有多条薪水情况记录)

CREATE TABLE `dept_manager` (
`dept_no` char(4) NOT NULL,
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`dept_no`));
CREATE TABLE `salaries` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`salary` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`from_date`));



select d.dept_no,s.emp_no,s.salary from salaries s,dept_manager d
where s.emp_no=d.emp_no  and d.to_date='9999-01-01'
and s.to_date='9999-01-01'

注意点:当要求所有员工入职时候的薪水情况就需要from_date=to_date

10:题目描述:获取所有非manager的员工emp_no

CREATE TABLE `dept_manager` (
`dept_no` char(4) NOT NULL,
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`dept_no`));
CREATE TABLE `employees` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`birth_date` date NOT NULL,
`first_name` varchar(14) NOT NULL,
`last_name` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`gender` char(1) NOT NULL,
`hire_date` date NOT NULL,

PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`));

如插入为:

INSERT INTO dept_manager VALUES('d001',10002,'1996-08-03','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO dept_manager VALUES('d002',10006,'1990-08-05','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO dept_manager VALUES('d003',10005,'1989-09-12','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO dept_manager VALUES('d004',10004,'1986-12-01','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO dept_manager VALUES('d005',10010,'1996-11-24','2000-06-26');
INSERT INTO dept_manager VALUES('d006',10010,'2000-06-26','9999-01-01');



INSERT INTO employees VALUES(10001,'1953-09-02','Georgi','Facello','M','1986-06-26');
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(10002,'1964-06-02','Bezalel','Simmel','F','1985-11-21');
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(10003,'1959-12-03','Parto','Bamford','M','1986-08-28');
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(10004,'1954-05-01','Chirstian','Koblick','M','1986-12-01');
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(10005,'1955-01-21','Kyoichi','Maliniak','M','1989-09-12');
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(10006,'1953-04-20','Anneke','Preusig','F','1989-06-02');
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(10007,'1957-05-23','Tzvetan','Zielinski','F','1989-02-10');
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(10008,'1958-02-19','Saniya','Kalloufi','M','1994-09-15');
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(10009,'1952-04-19','Sumant','Peac','F','1985-02-18');
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(10010,'1963-06-01','Duangkaew','Piveteau','F','1989-08-24');
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(10011,'1953-11-07','Mary','Sluis','F','1990-01-22');

select emp_no from employees where emp_no not in(select DISTINCT  d.emp_no from dept_manager d,employees e where d.emp_no=e.emp_no)

select e.emp_no  from employees e LEFT JOIN dept_manager d on d.emp_no=e.emp_no where dept_no  is null

两种方式

一种是嵌套查询 另一种是子查询 (字段名 is null)

----错误写法: 字段=null 耽误老子很多时间

is not null 和!=null区别

在SQL中，NULL是一种特有的bai数据类型du，其等价于没有任何值、是未知数。NULL与0、空zhi字符串、空格都不同。SQL默认情况dao下对WHERE XX！= Null的判断会永远返回0行，却不会提示语法错误。
非ANSI SQL标准中data=NULL等同于data IS NULL，data<>NULL等同于data IS NOT NULL。
所以：默认情况下做比较条件时使用关键字“is null”和“is not null”。

11：获取所有员工当前的(dept_manager.to_date='9999-01-01')manager，如果员工是manager的话不显示(也就是如果当前的manager是自己的话结果不显示)。输出结果第一列给出当前员工的emp_no,第二列给出其manager对应的emp_no。

CREATE TABLE `dept_emp` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL, -- '所有的员工编号'
`dept_no` char(4) NOT NULL, -- '部门编号'
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`dept_no`));
CREATE TABLE `dept_manager` (
`dept_no` char(4) NOT NULL, -- '部门编号'
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL, -- '经理编号'
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,

PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`dept_no`));

如插入：
INSERT INTO dept_emp VALUES(10001,'d001','1986-06-26','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO dept_emp VALUES(10002,'d001','1996-08-03','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO dept_emp VALUES(10003,'d004','1995-12-03','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO dept_emp VALUES(10004,'d004','1986-12-01','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO dept_emp VALUES(10005,'d003','1989-09-12','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO dept_emp VALUES(10006,'d002','1990-08-05','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO dept_emp VALUES(10007,'d005','1989-02-10','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO dept_emp VALUES(10008,'d005','1998-03-11','2000-07-31');
INSERT INTO dept_emp VALUES(10009,'d006','1985-02-18','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO dept_emp VALUES(10010,'d005','1996-11-24','2000-06-26');
INSERT INTO dept_emp VALUES(10010,'d006','2000-06-26','9999-01-01');

INSERT INTO dept_manager VALUES('d001',10002,'1996-08-03','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO dept_manager VALUES('d002',10006,'1990-08-05','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO dept_manager VALUES('d003',10005,'1989-09-12','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO dept_manager VALUES('d004',10004,'1986-12-01','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO dept_manager VALUES('d005',10010,'1996-11-24','2000-06-26');
INSERT INTO dept_manager VALUES('d006',10010,'2000-06-26','9999-01-01');


select de.emp_no,dm.emp_no manager_no from dept_manager dm inner join dept_emp de on dm.dept_no=de.dept_no where dm.to_date='9999-01-01'
and de.emp_no <> dm.emp_no

注意点：

#效果相同，!=是oracle特有的 <>是sql标准，其它数据库也可以用

解析步骤：

首先将两个表共同查询的切入点是dept_no,

其中dept_emp是所有部门员工的信息，而dept_manager是部门manager信息，

所以每个员工找相应的manager，只需两表dept_no对应即可;又要求是自己的不显示，

则两个dept_no相同，但emp_no不相等，另外to_date相等，都是'9999-01-01'。

12获取所有部门中当前(dept_emp.to_date = '9999-01-01')员工当前(salaries.to_date='9999-01-01')薪水最高的相关信息，给出dept_no, emp_no以及其对应的salary，按照部门升序排列。

CREATE TABLE `dept_emp` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`dept_no` char(4) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`dept_no`));
CREATE TABLE `salaries` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`salary` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`from_date`));

如插入：

INSERT INTO dept_emp VALUES(10001,'d001','1986-06-26','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO dept_emp VALUES(10002,'d001','1996-08-03','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO dept_emp VALUES(10003,'d001','1996-08-03','1997-08-03');

INSERT INTO salaries VALUES(10001,90000,'1986-06-26','1987-06-26');
INSERT INTO salaries VALUES(10001,88958,'2002-06-22','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO salaries VALUES(10002,72527,'1996-08-03','1997-08-03');
INSERT INTO salaries VALUES(10002,72527,'2000-08-02','2001-08-02');
INSERT INTO salaries VALUES(10002,72527,'2001-08-02','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO salaries VALUES(10003,90000,'1996-08-03','1997-08-03');

错误写法：

select de.dept_no,de.emp_no, s.salary from dept_emp de,salaries s
where de.to_date = '9999-01-01' and  s.to_date='9999-01-01' order by de.emp_no asc,s.salary desc limit 1

解析

正确写法：

链接：https://www.nowcoder.com/questionTerminal/4a052e3e1df5435880d4353eb18a91c6 来源：牛客网

此题常见漏洞：1.emp_no直接和group by dept_no一起使用，拿到了最大salary但是存在emp_no取值其实与salary不匹配的问题；2. 先使用group by获得最高salary，再去用最高salary匹配两表返回dept_no,emp_no信息，这存在A部门的最高薪水，等于B部门非最高薪水时，B部门的非最高薪水也会被显示出来。在此我将我的答案提供出来，自认为不存在以上两点漏洞：

​ 解法一：（如果同部门有多条同等最大salary，一起显示出来）、

select r.dept_no,ss.emp_no,r.maxSalary from (
select d.dept_no,max(s.salary)as maxSalary from dept_emp d,salaries s
where d.emp_no=s.emp_no
and d.to_date='9999-01-01' 
and s.to_date='9999-01-01'
group by d.dept_no
)as r,salaries ss,dept_emp dd
where r.maxSalary=ss.salary
and r.dept_no=dd.dept_no
and dd.emp_no=ss.emp_no
and ss.to_date='9999-01-01'
and dd.to_date='9999-01-01'
order by r.dept_no asc

明两点：

1.题目忘记写一条信息，按照部门编号排序

2.解法二利用了GROUP BY 默认取非聚合数据的第一条记录，所以先排好序，拿到的emp_no第一条信息，也是与最大salary匹配的

3.解法一中使用多表取值，where筛选条件和内连接，on筛选条件，效果一致，可以替换。效率根据不同表的结构，数据结构而定。

13:从titles表获取按照title进行分组，每组个数大于等于2，给出title以及对应的数目t。

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS "titles" (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`title` varchar(50) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,

`to_date` date DEFAULT NULL);

如插入：

INSERT INTO titles VALUES(10001,'Senior Engineer','1986-06-26','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO titles VALUES(10002,'Staff','1996-08-03','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO titles VALUES(10003,'Senior Engineer','1995-12-03','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO titles VALUES(10004,'Engineer','1986-12-01','1995-12-01');
INSERT INTO titles VALUES(10004,'Senior Engineer','1995-12-01','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO titles VALUES(10005,'Senior Staff','1996-09-12','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO titles VALUES(10005,'Staff','1989-09-12','1996-09-12');
INSERT INTO titles VALUES(10006,'Senior Engineer','1990-08-05','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO titles VALUES(10007,'Senior Staff','1996-02-11','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO titles VALUES(10007,'Staff','1989-02-10','1996-02-11');
INSERT INTO titles VALUES(10008,'Assistant Engineer','1998-03-11','2000-07-31');
INSERT INTO titles VALUES(10009,'Assistant Engineer','1985-02-18','1990-02-18');
INSERT INTO titles VALUES(10009,'Engineer','1990-02-18','1995-02-18');
INSERT INTO titles VALUES(10009,'Senior Engineer','1995-02-18','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO titles VALUES(10010,'Engineer','1996-11-24','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO titles VALUES(10010,'Engineer','1996-11-24','9999-01-01');

解：

select title,count(title) as c from titles t  group by t.title  having c>=2

14：从titles表获取按照title进行分组，每组个数大于等于2，给出title以及对应的数目t。

注意对于重复的emp_no进行忽略(即emp_no重复的title不计算，title对应的数目t不增加)。

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `titles` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`title` varchar(50) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,

`to_date` date DEFAULT NULL);

如插入：

INSERT INTO titles VALUES(10001,'Senior Engineer','1986-06-26','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO titles VALUES(10002,'Staff','1996-08-03','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO titles VALUES(10003,'Senior Engineer','1995-12-03','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO titles VALUES(10004,'Engineer','1986-12-01','1995-12-01');
INSERT INTO titles VALUES(10004,'Senior Engineer','1995-12-01','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO titles VALUES(10005,'Senior Staff','1996-09-12','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO titles VALUES(10005,'Staff','1989-09-12','1996-09-12');
INSERT INTO titles VALUES(10006,'Senior Engineer','1990-08-05','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO titles VALUES(10007,'Senior Staff','1996-02-11','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO titles VALUES(10007,'Staff','1989-02-10','1996-02-11');
INSERT INTO titles VALUES(10008,'Assistant Engineer','1998-03-11','2000-07-31');
INSERT INTO titles VALUES(10009,'Assistant Engineer','1985-02-18','1990-02-18');
INSERT INTO titles VALUES(10009,'Engineer','1990-02-18','1995-02-18');
INSERT INTO titles VALUES(10009,'Senior Engineer','1995-02-18','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO titles VALUES(10010,'Engineer','1996-11-24','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO titles VALUES(10010,'Engineer','1996-11-24','9999-01-01');

思路：

去重复 ： 关键词DISTINCT（emp_no）

分组: group by title

sql语句

select title,count(DISTINCT emp_no) as c from titles t  group by t.title  having c>=2

15查找employees表所有emp_no为奇数，且last_name不为Mary(注意大小写)的员工信息，并按照hire_date逆序排列(题目不能使用mod函数)

CREATE TABLE `employees` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`birth_date` date NOT NULL,
`first_name` varchar(14) NOT NULL,
`last_name` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`gender` char(1) NOT NULL,
`hire_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`));

如插入：
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(10001,'1953-09-02','Georgi','Facello','M','1986-06-26');
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(10002,'1964-06-02','Bezalel','Simmel','F','1985-11-21');
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(10003,'1959-12-03','Parto','Bamford','M','1986-08-28');
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(10004,'1954-05-01','Chirstian','Koblick','M','1986-12-01');
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(10005,'1955-01-21','Kyoichi','Maliniak','M','1989-09-12');
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(10006,'1953-04-20','Anneke','Preusig','F','1989-06-02');
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(10007,'1957-05-23','Tzvetan','Zielinski','F','1989-02-10');
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(10008,'1958-02-19','Saniya','Kalloufi','M','1994-09-15');
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(10009,'1952-04-19','Sumant','Peac','F','1985-02-18');
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(10010,'1963-06-01','Duangkaew','Piveteau','F','1989-08-24');
INSERT INTO employees VALUES(10011,'1953-11-07','Mary','Sluis','F','1990-01-22');

解：

emp_no为计数 ：

last_name不为Mary ：

按照hire_date的逆序： order by hire_date desc

16统计出当前(titles.to_date='9999-01-01')各个title类型对应的员工当前(salaries.to_date='9999-01-01')薪水对应的平均工资。结果给出title以及平均工资avg。

CREATE TABLE `salaries` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`salary` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`from_date`));
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS "titles" (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`title` varchar(50) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,

`to_date` date DEFAULT NULL);




--插入数据--

如插入：
INSERT INTO salaries VALUES(10001,88958,'1986-06-26','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO salaries VALUES(10003,43311,'2001-12-01','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO salaries VALUES(10004,70698,'1986-12-01','1995-12-01');
INSERT INTO salaries VALUES(10004,74057,'1995-12-01','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO salaries VALUES(10006,43311,'2001-08-02','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO salaries VALUES(10007,88070,'2002-02-07','9999-01-01');

INSERT INTO titles VALUES(10001,'Senior Engineer','1986-06-26','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO titles VALUES(10003,'Senior Engineer','2001-12-01','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO titles VALUES(10004,'Engineer','1986-12-01','1995-12-01');
INSERT INTO titles VALUES(10004,'Senior Engineer','1995-12-01','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO titles VALUES(10006,'Senior Engineer','2001-08-02','9999-01-01');
INSERT INTO titles VALUES(10007,'Senior Staff','1996-02-11','9999-01-01');

思路

链表查询---求平均值 avg 就得用group by

select s2.title,avg(s1.salary) from salaries s1,titles s2 where s1.emp_no=s2.emp_no and s2.to_date
=('9999-01-01') and s1.to_date=('9999-01-01') GROUP BY s2.title

17 获取当前（to_date='9999-01-01'）薪水第二多的员工的emp_no以及其对应的薪水salary

CREATE TABLE `salaries` (
`emp_no` int(11) NOT NULL,
`salary` int(11) NOT NULL,
`from_date` date NOT NULL,
`to_date` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_no`,`from_date`));

思路 :

**如果是 mysql的话就用limit **

limit 的语法

select * from table limit m,n

其中m是指记录开始的index，从0开始，表示第一条记录，n是指从第m+1条开始，取n条。

Example：

select * from tablename limit 2,4;

即取出第3条至第6条，4条记录。

select emp_no, salary from salaries
where to_date = '9999-01-01' and salary = 
(select distinct salary from salaries order by salary desc limit 1,1)
end
  • 作者：金州拉文（联系作者）
  • 发表时间：2020-12-01 10:25
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